我国东北烟区典型烟田土壤系统分类研究

Soil Taxonomy of Typical Tobacco Fields in Northeast China

摘要:

土壤条件对烟叶的香型风格的彰显程度着重要影响。土系是系统分类中最低级的基层分类单元,也是和生产应用最紧密的单元。本研究以黑龙江的宁安、吉林的汪清和辽宁的宽甸为我国东北烟区的代表,通过15个典型优质烟田的土壤调查,尝试建立相应的土系。结果表明：1)调查的15个典型烟田土壤在系统分类上可归为3个土纲(淋溶土、雏形土和新成土)、5个亚纲、6个土类、7个亚类、10个土族和土系。2)不同土系的烟田各有优劣,属于淋溶土的土系有效土层深厚,养分含量适中、比例协调,但粘化层质地略黏, 一些烟田处于坡地上,易发生水土流失。属于雏形土和新成土的土系质地较粗,通透性好,但有效土层偏薄,养分含量偏低,且多处于河谷和河床部位,需要注意防洪。

Abstract:

Soil plays an important role in highlighting the aroma style of tobacco leaves. Soil series is lowest classification unit of soil taxonomy and is the holographic ID Card of soil. This paper took the tobacco growth regions of Northeast China as the study region, selected totally 15 typical tobacco fields from Kuandian of Liaoning province, Wangqing from Jilin Province and Ninan of Heilongjiang province which could grow the tobacco leaves of the highest-quality and tried to establish preliminarily the relevant soil series based on soil information obtained in field survey. The results showed that the 15 typical tobacco field soils could be classified into 3 orders (Argosols, Cambosols and Primosols), 5 suborders, 6 groups, 7 subgroups, 10 families and 10 series. There were differences between different soil series for tobacco growth, soil series of Argosols usually had deep solum and moderate nutrients content but limited by clayey claying horizon and soil erosion, while soil series of Cambosols and Primosols had coarse texture and good permeability but limited by thin solum, low nutrient contents and flood threats .