不同施肥和灌溉组合对烤烟化学成分和香气质量的影响

Effects of different combinations of fertilization and irrigation on chemical components and aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco

摘要:

以烤烟（Nicotiana tabacum L.）品种吉烟9号为材料，通过田间试验研究了不同施肥和灌溉组合对烤烟化学成分、香气成分含量、组成及其作用机理的影响。结果表明，N∶P2O5∶K2O为1∶2∶3和限量灌溉组合使烟叶的糖碱比和氮碱比均较适宜，蛋白质含量较低，化学成分较为协调，苯丙氨酸类、棕色化产物类和类胡萝卜素类致香物质含量较高，改善了烟叶的综合品质，表现为香气质纯净、香气量较足、杂气较少、刺激性较低、余味舒适、烟气浓度大、燃烧性好等，能较好满足延边烟区烤烟的生长发育，有利于提高烟叶香气质量。

Abstract:

Field experiment was carried out in Yanbian to study the effects of different combinations of fertilization and irrigation on chemical components and aroma compounds of a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivar Jiyan 9. The results showed that N:P2O5:K2O = 1:2:3 and limited irrigation could result in suitable ratios of total sugar/nicotine and of nitrogen/nicotine, lower protein content and higher aroma components contents of phenylalanines, browning reaction and carotenoids products, thus improved the comprehensive quality of tobacco in small odor and moderate irritation, comfortable lingering, mild smoke and good combustibility, which could satisfy the better growth of regional tobacco.