不同氮磷钾配施对烤烟石油醚提取物和中性致香物质的影响

Effects of different combining application of N, P, K fertilizers on petroleum ether extracts and aroma constituents in flue-cured tobacco leaves

摘要:

田间试验以烤烟（Nicotiana tabacum L.）品种中烟 100 为材料，研究了N、P、K 肥配施对烤烟石油醚提取物和致香物质含量的影响。结果表明：不施肥处理烟叶石油醚提取物含量和致香物质总量及不同种类致香物质含量都较低；N、P、K任意两种肥料配施均可以不同程度提高烤烟石油醚提取物和不同种类致香物质的含量；NPK 的配施，随着施肥量的增加，烤烟石油醚提取物含量也随着增加，而致香物质含量呈现先增后减的抛物线现象。因此，N、P、K 的合理配施是提高烤烟石油醚提取物和致香物质的重要措施。由田间试验结果获取的推荐施肥方案为 N∶P2O5∶K2O = 1∶2∶3，其用量分别为 75 kg/hm2、150 kg/hm2 和 225 kg/hm2。

Abstract:

Field experiment was conducted to study the effects of the combining application of N, P and K fertilizers on the contents of petroleum ether extracts and aroma constituents in flue-cured tobacco leaves of a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivar Zhongyan100. Results showed that the contents of petroleum ether extracts, total aroma constituents and different kinds of aroma constituents in tobacco leaves were the lowest in the treatment without fertilizer (CK). Combining application of any two of N, P, K could increase the contents of petroleum ether extracts and aroma constituents. With the increment of N, P, K fertilizers, petroleum ether extracts in flue-cured tobacco leaves increased continuously, while the content of aroma constituents increased at first then decreased, showed a shape of parabola. Therefore, reasonable combining application of N, P, K fertilizers is an important and effective measure in improving petroleum ether extracts and total aroma constituents in flue-cured tobacco. The recommended fertilization derived from field experiment is N:P2O5:K2O = 1:2:3 with the amounts of N, P and K fertilizers of 75 kg/hm2, 150 kg/hm2 and 225 kg/hm2 respectively.